Models of spring barley's varieties for conditions of Volga-Vyatka regio
Pages: 9-14.
Shchennikova I.N., PhD, assistant professor, head of laboratory
North-East Agricultural Research Institute, Kirov, Russia
E-mail: i.schennikova@mail.ru
Substantiation of the created models of spring barley's varieties for Volga-Vyatka region is presented in the article based on the extensive, statistically processed material of collection nursery and competitive variety testing of North-East Agricultural Research Institute during 2003-2013. Material studying has shown variability on a number of morphological and biological features of crop both within varieties and between their groups. Significant correlation dependence of productivity on number of central roots (r = 0.47) on a plant is established. Optimum number of central roots for double-row varieties made 20…22 pieces, of multi-row varieties – 26…28 pieces. Results of the State Test and the data of the author define optimum height of a stalk equal to 62…78 cm. New varieties at productivity of 5.0…6.0 t/ha must keep ratio of grain to straw 1.0:1.0 or 1.1:1.0 depending on conditions of year. The density of plants on area unit should not exceed 350…400 pieces per 1 m2 at harvest time. Varieties of multi-row barley at productivity of 5.98±0.66 t/ha formed on the average 35±2 grains in the main ear and weight of 1000 grains 36.0±0.9 g at optimum seeding rate of 5.0 million germinated grains per hectare. Such ratio of studied parameters in relative expression 1:1 is optimum. At double-row varieties at similar seeding rates productivity made 5.83±0.57 t/ha, number of grains per ear 20.6±0.5 piece, and 1000 grains weight 47.4±0.7 g. Ratio of grains number to 1000 grains weight at double-row grades made 1.0:2.3. It is expedient to keep about such ratio in newly created varieties. On the basis of the spent analysis models of double-row and multi-row barley's varieties of various directions of grain use are developed.
Keywords: estimation, root system, growth season, kind of bush, lodging resistance, productivity
References
1. Kil'chevskiy A.V., Khotyleva L.V. Genotip i sreda v selektsii rasteniy. [Genotype and environment in plant breeding]. Minsk, 1989. 191 p.
2. Krupnov V.A. Problemy sozdaniya model'nogo sorta. [Problems of creation of a model variety]. Selektsiya i semenovodstvo. 1981. no. 9. pp.7-11.
3. Novoselov S.N. Filosofiya ideotipa sel'skokhozyaystvennykh kul'tur. I. Metodologiya i metodika. [Philosophy of ideotype of agricultural crops. I. Methodology and a technique]. Nauchnyy zhurnal KubGAU. no.24(8). 2006. [Electronic source] access mode (accessed date 04.02.2015 г.) http://ej.kubagro.ru/2006/08/pdf/27.pdf
4. Boroevich S. Printsipy i metody selektsii rastenij. [Principles and methods of plant breeding]. Moscow: Kolos, 1984. 344 p.
5. Pakul' V.N. Tekhnologicheskie priemy intensifikatsii vozdelyvaniya ozimoj rzhi i yarovogo yachmenya v lesostepi Kuznetskoj kotloviny. Avtoreferat dis…dokt. s.-kh. nauk. [Processing methods of an intensification of cultivation of winter rye and spring barley in forest-steppe of the Kuznetsk hollow. Author's abstract of DSc Thesis]. Barnaul, 2009. 34 p.
6. Metodika Goskomissii po ispytaniyu sel'skokhozyaystvennykh kul'tur. [The State commission technique on test of agricultural crops]. Moscow: Kalininskaya oblastnaya tipografiya. 1985. 389 p.
7. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po izucheniyu i sokhraneniyu mirovoj kollektsii yachmenya i ovsa. [Methodical instructions on studying and preservation of a world collection of barley and oats]. Saint Petersburg. VIR, 2012. 63 p.
8. Doklad o sostoyanii i ispol'zovanii zemel' sel'skokhozyaystvennogo naznacheniya. [The report on a condition and use of the lands of agricultural purpose]. Moscow: FGBNU «Rosinfoagrotekh», 2011. 148 p.
9. Shchennikova I.N. Vliyanie pogodnykh uslovij na rost i razvitie rastenij yachmenya. [Influence of weather conditions on growth and development of barley's plants]. Agrarnaya nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka. 2014. no. 4. pp. 9-13.
10. Surin N.A., Lyakhova N.E. Selektsiya yachmenya v Sibiri. [Breeding of barley in Siberia]. Novosibirsk, 1993. 291 p.
11. Shchennikova I.N., Kokina L.P., Butakova O.I. Otsenka mirovogo genofonda yachmenya po krupnosti zerna v usloviyakh Volgo-Vyatskogo regiona. [An estimation of a world genofund of barley on grain size in the conditions of Volga-Vyatka region]. Agrarnaya nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka. 2011. no. 1 (20). pp.12-16.
12. Rodina N.A., Shchennikova I.N., Kokina L.P. Reaktsiya novykh sortov yachmenya na razlichnye priemy tekhnologii. [Reaction of new varieties of barley on various receptions of technology]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2009. no.8. pp.14-16.
13. Kadyrov A.M., Kadyrov M.A., Senchenko V.G., Filippenko S.V. Yachmen': osnovnye elementy agrotekhniki. [Barley: basic elements of agricultural technicians]. Sovremennye resursosberegayushchie tekhnologii proizvodstva rastenievodcheskoj produktsii v Belarusi: sb. nauch. mater., 2-e izd., dop. i pererab. RUP «Nauchno-prakticheskij tsentr NAN Belarusi po zemledeliyu». Minsk: IVTs Minfina, 2007. pp. 143-156.
14. Trebovaniya k kachestvu pivovarennogo yachmenya. [Requirements to quality of brewing barley]. [Electronic source] access mode http://barley-malt.ru/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/ frank (accessed 04.02.2015 g.)
15. Yachmen' pivovarennyj. [Brewing barley]. [Electronic source] access mode http://www.nubo.ru/texts/gost86.html (accessed 25.12.2014 g.)
