Initial material of Sudan grass for solving of main breeding tasks
Pages: 14-20.
Ermolina G.M, PhD in agriculture, senior researcher,
Kovtunova N.A., PhD in agriculture, head of laboratory,
Shishova E.A., researcher,
Romanyukin А.Е., PhD in agriculture, senior researcher
All-Russian Research Institute of Grain Crops named after I.G. Kalinenko, Zernograd, Rostov region, Russia
E-mail: n-beseda@mail.ru
The varieties of Sudan grass are able to form high productivity of green chop, but they do not fully meet the requirements of modern agriculture. It is necessary to develop early maturing varieties of Sudan grass, having good tillering, good foliage (35-40%) with a thin, succulent stem and good productivity of green chop. The purpose of the study is to develop the collection of Sudan grass with the main economic-valuable traits for accelerate the breeding process. Twenty-five samples have been obtained as the sources of early maturing. The samples ‘Mnogoukosnaya Rossiyanka’ and ‘Zheltozernaya 754’ are the most valuable ones among them, having the same productivity as the standard variety. Their use in the hybridization will allow obtaining more early maturing varieties that will give the opportunity to do three mowings of the green chop. According to the tillering 19 samples-sources with 5-9 stems per plant have been selected. The most valuable forage varieties with good foliage are ‘М/12’, ‘SudankaМ/2’,’М4/9’, ‘Topoleynaya 8’, ‘Korichnevoplenchataya’, ‘К- 347’and‘К-120’. The use of the sources of high tillering and foliage will allow developing the varieties with larger productivity of green chop. To grow the sorghum-Sudan hybrids with succulent stems we have selected the samples ‘КК-138’, ‘255’, ‘278’, ‘305’, ‘307’, ‘479’ and‘М-21’ as the sources of the trait. The samples ‘Chishminskaya rannyaya’ and ‘Priobskaya 97’ which combine early maturity, high tillering and stem thinness, are the most valuable ones for the breeding of Sudan grass for stem thinness. According to the productivity of green chop (48-56 t/ha) and absolutely dry matter (11.5-12.7 t/ha) we have selected 8 varieties of Sudan grass (‘Topolina’, ‘Krasava’, ‘Arkadiya’, ‘Vesta’, ‘Chernoplenchataya 11’ and others). They are used in the hybridization with the sources of various economic-valuable traits.
Keywords: collection, sample, variety, Sudan grass, early maturity, tillering, thinness of a stem, succulence of a stem, productivity of green chop
References
1. Metlin V.V., Kostylev P.I., Kochkovoy S.I. Produktivnost' zelenoymassynasilosnovykhsortovsakharnogosorgo. [Productivity of new sweet sorghum varieties on green chop for silage]. Kompleksnye issledovaniya po selektsii, semenovodstvu, tekhnologii vozdelyvaniya sorgo. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov. [Complex researches of sorghum breeding, seed rising, and technology of cultivation. Collection of research articles]. Zernograd, 1994. pp. 62-66.
2. Kovtunov V.V. Kachestvo zerna sorgo zernovogo i puti ego uluchsheniya. [Quality of grain sorghum and the ways of its improvement]. Kukuruza i sorgo. 2009. no. 6. pp. 10-11.
3. Gorpinichenko S.I., Shishova E.A. Rezul'taty selektsii sorgo sakharnogo v GNU VNIIZK im. I.G.Kalinenko. [The results of sweet sorghum breeding in SSI ARRIGC after I.G. Kalinenko]. Zernovoe khozyaystvo Rossii. 2014. no. 4. pp. 21-25.
4. Kovtunova N.A., Ermolina G.M., Shishova E.A. Sorta travyanistogo sorgo dlya Rostovskoy oblasti. [The varieties of grass sorghum for the Rostov region]. Kormoproizvodstvo. 2012. no. 10. pp. 27-28.
5. Kovtunov V.V., Kovtunova N.A. Kollektsiya istochnikov i donorov osnovnykh khozyaystvenno-tsennykh priznakov sorgo zernovogo. [Collection of the sources and donors of the main economic-valuable traits of grain sorghum]. Zernovoe khozyaystvo Rossii. 2013. no. 1. pp. 13-17.
6. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po izucheniyu kollektsionnykh obraztsov kukuruzy, sorgo i krupyanykh kul'tur. [Methodical recommendation on the study of the samples of maize, sorghum and cereals]. Leningrad: VIR, 1968. 51 p.
7. Alabushev A.V., Gorpinichenko S.I., Metlina G.V., Kovtunov V.V., Vasil'chenko S.A. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po proizvodstvu sortovykh i gibridnykh semyan sorgo v Rostovskoy oblasti. [Methodical recommendation on the production of varietal and hybrid seeds of sorghum in the Rostov region]. Rostov-na-Donu: ZAO «Kniga», 2014. 59 p.
8. Gorpinichenko S.I., Metlina G.V., Kovtunov V.V., Vasil'chenko S.A. Tekhnologiya vozdelyvaniya sudanskoy travy. [Technology of Sudan grass growing and cultivation]. Zernograd, 2014. 20 p.
9. Ermolina G.M., Gorpinichenko S.I., Slastukhina A.N., Lyashov P.I. Novyy sort sudanskoy travy Aleksandrina. [The new variety of Sudan grass Aleksandrina]. Kukuruza i sorgo. 2008. no. 5. pp. 13-14.
10. Yakushevskiy E.S. Shirokiy unifitsirovannyy klassifikator SEV i Mezhdunarodnyy klassifikator SEV vozdelyvaemykh vidov roda Sorghum Moench. [Broad unified classifier COMECON and international classifier COMECON of the cultivated species Sorghum Moench]. Leningrad: VIR, 1982. 34 p.
11. Vinogradov Z.S., Andriyash N.V., Repko V.I. Selektsionnaya tsennost' mirovoy kollektsii sudanskoy travy. [Breeding value of the world collection of Sudangrass]. Selektsiya, agrotekhnika i ekonomika proizvodstva sorgo. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov. [Breeding, agrotechnology and economy of sorghum production. The collection of scientific articles]. Zernograd, 1989. pp. 45-55.
12. Kovtunov V.V., Lushpina O.A., Sukhenko N.N. Otsenka kollektsionnykh obraztsov sorgo zernovogo na skorospelost'. [Assessment of the collection samples of grain sorghum on fast maturity]. Zernovoe khozyaystvo Rossii. 2015. no. 4. pp. 15-18.
13. Gorshenin V.A. Produktivnost' sudanskoy travy v chistykh i smeshannykh posevakh na chernozemakh Saratovskogo levoberezh'ya i effektivnost' ee ispol'zovaniya v ratsionakh krupnogo rogatogo skota: avtoref. dis…. kand. s.-kh. nauk. [Productivity of Sudan grass in pure and mixed sowings on the black soils of Saratov left bank and efficiency of its use in cattle feeding: Author's abstract of PhD Thesis]. Saratov, 2006. 21 p.
14. Biktimirov R.A. Iskhodnyy material dlya selektsii sudanskoy travy v usloviyakh predural'noy stepnoy zony Respubliki Bashkortostan: avtoref. dis…. kand. s.-kh. nauk. [Initial material for the breeding of Sudan grass in the Pre-Ural steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan: Author's abstract of PhD Thesis]. Ufa, 2012. 22 p.
15. Red'kin A.A., Kostylev P.I. Nasledovanie razmerov flagovykh list'ev risa u gibridov F1 ot skreshchivaniya sortov risa Lampo, Komandor i Virazh. [Inheritance of the flag leaf size in rice F1 hybrids obtained from the crossing of varieties ‘Lampo’, ‘Komandor’ and ‘Virazh’]. Zernovoe khozyaystvo Rossii. 2011. no. 1 (13). pp. 34-39.
