№1 (12) - 2009
CONTENTS
Sysuev V.A., Rubtsova N.E. Totals of reporting session and research-and-production activity of scientific-research institutions of North-East Scientific-and-Methodical Center of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and problems of modernization of scientific supply of agro-industrial complex of a region
PLANT GROWING FODDER PRODUCTION
Korjakovtseva L.A. Perspective hybrid lines of soft spring wheat
Vedernikov Yu.E., Batalova G.A., Budina E.A. Forming of yield and seed quality of spring wheat by influence of nitrogen top-dressing
Shchennikova I.N., Butakova O.I. Estimation of collection samples of barley on drought resistance
Tumasova M.I., Demshina N.A., Arzamasova E.G. Creation of red clover breeding material with high resistance and tolerance against root rot by a method of artificial hybridization
Stepanov G.U., Fadeev A.P., Romanova I.V. Reaction of hemp sex types on plant decapitation
Batalova G. A., Vologzhanina E.N. Role of harvest date in technology of naked oat cultivation
Lapteva E.M., Khabibulina F.M., Vinogradova Yu.A. Diversity of micromycetes in soils of flood-lands of Vychegda-river valley
Pan'kova O.A. Perspectives of use of biotechnological methods in system of production of health-improved planting stock of honeysuckle in Udmurtija
Sheshegova T.K., Shchekleina L.M., Bagaeva E.A., Chuqunova N.V. The variability of pathogenic properties of fusarium fungi
FODDER PRODUCTION
Kuchin N.N., Tsikunova O.V. Influence of strains of cellulose-lytic bacteria on results of ensilage of perennial legume grasses
Voloshin V.A. Basis of intensification of fodder production in Perm Territory
AGRICULTURE, AGROCHEMISTRY, AMELIORATION
Lednev A.V., Lednev N.A. Influence of mechanical technozem on morphological features of sod-podzolic soils
Dzjuin G.P., Dzjuin A.G. Effectiveness of fallows at the end of crop rotation
Zamjatin S.A., Izmest'ev V.M. Influence of crop rotation on distribution of root rot of cereal crops
Popova S.I., Kosolapova A.I., Voloshin V.A., Zav'jalova N.E. Optimal structure of land use as a basis of modern agriculture in Perm Territory
Abashev V.D. Noskova E.N., Denisova A.V. Fodder crops at basic sowings and catch cropping
ZOOTECHNY
Vel'matov A.P., Gur'anov A.M., Kharitonov D.N., Vel'matov A.A. Use of Holstein bulls of Holland and Dutch breeding at modernization of red-variegated cattle
Agalakova T.V., Netecha V.I., Shchepina Yu.N. Selection of animals for herd forming at industrial dairy farms (a review)
Baranov A.V., Baranova N.S., Fedoseenko E.G., Solov'eva G.I. Influence of different milking machines on cow's mastitis sickness rate
Matjukov V.S., Mironov V.V., Yanovaev S.N. Software for calculation of likeness index of animals by discrete parameters (at example of blood type antigens of cattle)
Zharikov J.A. Fodder basis and milk yield of cows in stud farms of Komi Republic
Zabijakin V.A. Breeding of new phenotype of blue guinea-fowl
Akkuzin P.A., Faizullin R.A., Stulova V.V., Yushkova G.R. Potatoes in milkers' feeding
Shimaga V.A., Kolbina L.M. Method for estimation of water in honey by drying
Sokolov A.N., Baranov A.V. Elk milk and perspectives of its use
GAME MANAGEMENT
Andreev M.N. Urgent tasks of inter-regional cooperation at protection of wild animals in Privolzhje federal district
VETERINARY MEDICINE ECONOMICS
Petrova O.G., Rubinsky I.A., Kushnir N.I., Saltykova V.A. Prediction of development of cow pre-natal infection in agricultural organizations of Sverdlovsk region
Pechura E.V., Petrova O.G. Spectrum of pathogens of acute respiratory diseases of cattle in breeding farms of Ural region
Zakharova O.I. On aetiology of cows' post-natal endometrites
Kuznetsova N.V., Ivanovsky A.A., Belorybkina T.F., Kulakov V.A., Ivanovskaja E.V. Usage of BCL for piglets and estimation of its economical efficiency
ECONOMICS
Zhuikov V.I., Koshkina A.A. Economical parameters of monitoring of agricultural lands
Kokurin T.P. Modern state of animal husbandry in European North-East region of Russian Federation
Mitjagina L.A. Components of pig keeping efficiency
MECHANIZATION
Aleshkin A.V., Demshin S.L., Vladimirov E.A. Technical justification of design-technological scheme of combined aggregate for soil cultivation and seed sowing
Kormshchikov A.D., Kurbanov R.F., Sozontov A.V. Modernization of technology of stripe sowing of grasses seeds into turf
Retivin A.G., Ivanov V.V., Tikhonov S.P. Dependence of tractor working parameters on a level of technical exploitation
Szymanek M. Lowering of raw material losses at threshing of frozen cobs of sweet corn
Sojak M., Glovatsky Sh. Method for estimation of efficiently consumable heat in thermal balance of drying unit
Glovatsky Sh., Sojak M., Sivetz S. Estimation of energy cost at different methods of apple drying
Grudinin V.S. Choice of architecture of distributional system of climate management of hangar greenhouse block
СHRONICLE
JUBILEE
INFORMATION
SUMMARY
Totals of reporting session and research-and-production activityof scientific-research institutions of North-East Scientific-and-Methodical Center of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and problemsof modernization of scientific supply of agro-industrial complex of a region
Sysuev V.A., Rubtsova N.E.
Totals of activity of 15 scientific institutions of North-East Scientific-and-Methodical Center of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences for 2008 on scientific supply of agro-industrial complex of a region, popularization and application of scientific achievements were shown. Directions of activity of scientific institutions on decision of seed-rising problems were proposed. Information about international cooperation was given too.
Key words: region, scientific-and-methodical center, scientific institutions of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, research-and-production activity of institutions, completed projects, popularization and application, coordination of research activity, international cooperation.
Perspective hybrid lines of soft spring wheat
Korjakovtseva L.A.
Hybrid lines of soft spring wheat were estimated by complex of economic valuable parameters under different thermal and moisture conditions of 2006…2008. Perspective lines having high productivity and grain quality were selected.
Key words: spring wheat, lines, temperature, precipitations, growth season, productivity, quality.
Forming of yield and seed quality of spring wheat by influenceof nitrogen top-dressing
Vedernikov Yu.E., Batalova G.A., Budina E.A.
Influence of nitrogen top-dressing on yield and quality of spring wheat grains was considered in the article. It was established positive influence of top-dressing on development on yield components. Yield increased with improvement of nitrogen nutrition.
Key words: soft spring wheat, yield, yield component, top-dressing, nitrogen, stem stands, control, variant, germination capacity, energy of germination.
Estimation of collection samples of barley on drought resistance
Shchennikova I.N., Butakova O.I.
Estimation of 51 barley varieties from VIR's collection was carried out under laboratory conditions. Preliminary results on a degree of their drought resistance were received. Correlation of parameters describing efficiency of plants under field conditions and laboratory level of drought resistance were determined.
Key words: barley, collection, estimation, drought resistance, productivity.
Creation of red clover breeding material with high resistance and tolerance against root rot by a method of artificial hybridization
Tumasova M.I., Demshina N.A., Arzamasova E.G.
Perspective breeding material of red clover which combines winter hardiness, early maturity, and high fodder and seed productivity with high resistance and tolerance against root rot was bred in laboratory of perennial grasses of North-East Agricultural Research Institute by method of artificial hybridization and following estimation and recurrent selection of immunologically valuable forms on artificial infectious fusarium background.
Key words: breeding, red clover, root rot, artificial hybridization, hybrid population, reciprocal crossing, infectious background, tolerant breeding material.
Reaction of hemp sex types on plant decapitation
Stepanov G.U., Fadeev A.P., Romanova I.V.
Evolution of hemp sex proceeded from hermaphrodite plants up to monoecious and dioecious plants. In populations of modern monoecious hemp varieties plants of different sex types are deviated. Forced pollination gradually leads to increasing of amount of plants of initial sex type in a population.
Key words: hemp, monoecious, decapitation, female geneta, male geneta, population, variety.
Role of harvest date in technology of naked oat cultivation
Batalova G. A., Vologzhanina E.N.
Two naked oat varieties were studied: Vyatsky and Tjumensky golozerny. Dependence of grain yield, elements of crop structure from harvest dates. Delay with havest from 5 to 20 days was negatively reflected on development of naked oats varieties seed yield, reduction in 1000 grains weight and weight by volume was noted. Germination energy and germination power of naked oats harvested in 2007 were decreased concerning to optimal date.
Key words: harvest, naked oat, optimal date, yield, quality, delay.
Diversity of micromycetes in soils of flood-lands of Vychegda-river valley
Lapteva E.M., Khabibulina F.M., Vinogradova Yu.A.
Specific complex of micromycetes of alluvial soils formed under meadow flora of Middle taiga sub-zone was investigated. It was established that taxonomic variability and depth of profile distribution of micromycetes were close related with conditions of flood-land soil forming: geo-morphological part of flood-plain terrase and hydrological regime of soils.
Key words: soil micromycetes, specific diversity, alluvial soils, flood-lands.
Perspectives of use of biotechnological methods in system of productionof health-improved planting stock of honeysuckle in Udmurtija
Pan'kova O.A.
Results of three-year study on development of modernized biotechnological modes at reproduction and health-improving of new honeysuckle varieties were presented in the article. It was established that use of biotechnological methods in system of breeding nurseries of honeysuckle allow to extend cycle of production of health-improved certified seedlings under field conditions up to 7 years and speed up a production of planting stock for more than 2 years.
Key words: honeysuckle, microclone propagation, nutrition media, adaptation, stock of initial clones, planting stock.
The variability of pathogenic properties of fusarium fungi
Sheshegova T.K., Shchekleina L.M., Bagaeva E.A., Chugunova N.V.
Among Fusarium spp. species the species F. culmorum has the most pathogenicity in regard to all grain crop. Close negative dependence has ascertained between fusariose of roots and biometrical parameters of wheat, barley, and oats young plants. Winter rye has significant dependence between immunological properties and leaf only length. Winter (triticale) has significant dependence between immunological properties and plant biomass only.
Key words: cereal crops, pure culture, fungi, root rot, distribution and development of disease, biometrical traits, correlation.
Influence of strains of cellulose-lytic bacteria on results of ensilageof perennial legume grasses
Kuchin N.N., Tsikunova O.V.
Results of investigation of use of strains of cellulose-lytic bacteria at ensilage of perennial legume grasses, which had shown availability of its use was presented in the article. Dry-curing of raw material significantly increased silage quality.
Key words: red clover, galega, lucerne, cellulose-lytic bacteria, ensilage, fermentation, silage quality.
Basis of intensification of fodder production in Perm Territory
Voloshin V.A.
Author pointed out that main way of increasing of production of animal husbandry is increasing of cattle productivity that is determined up to 60% by a level of full-value feeding. Perennial legume grasses is the most effective crops which provide receiving of maximum amount of animal products at minimum costs.
Key words: fodders, perennial legume grasses, varieties, productivity.
Influence of mechanical technozem on morphological featuresof sod-podzolic soils
Lednev A.V., Lednev N.A.
At surface mechanical technogenesis sod-podzolic soils moved to agrozems, and at deep-profile mechanical technogenesis – to replantozems by their morphological features. Intensity of realization of re-cultivation activity is estimated by change of morphological features of soils.
Key words: Anthropogenic influence, sod-podzolic soils, agrozems, replantozems, morphological features.
Effectiveness of fallows at the end of crop rotation
Dzjuin G.P., Dzjuin A.G.
Influence of type of fallow, input of organic and mineral fertilizers, and straw in eight-field fallow-grain-grass crop rotations on fertility of sod-podzolic soils, and productivity of oat as the last crop in rotation was considered.
Key words: crop rotations, type of fallow, bioresources, organic and mineral fertilizers, soil fertility, oat productivity.
Influence of crop rotation on distribution of root rot of cereal crops
Zamjatin S.A., Izmest'ev V.M.
Researches were shown that development and distribution of cereal root rot depended on crop set of crop rotations. Introduction of clover, oats, and vetch-oat mixture improved phyto-sanitary conditions of cereal sowings. Increasing of ratio of cereals in crop rotation structure led to increasing of plant damage by root rot and decreasing of productivity of crop rotation on the basis of grain yield per unit of square.
Key words: crop rotations, cereal crops, productivity, root rot.
Optimal structure of land use as a basis of modern agriculture in Perm Territory
Popova S.I., Kosolapova A.I., Voloshin V.A., Zav'jalova N.E.
Analysis of modern state of arable lands in Perm Territory and main reasons of its degradation was presented. Effectiveness of basic components of adaptive-landscape systems of agriculture was shown at the base of scientific researches.
Key words: Perm Territory, use of arable lands, fertility, degradation, adaptive-landscape agriculture.
Fodder crops at basic sowings and catch cropping
Abashev V.D., Noskova E.N., Denisova A.V.
At drained sandy loam soils first hay-crop of red clover and winter rye had highest yield of green mass among other staples. Among catch crops the same is true for mixtures of rape with vetch and oat, sowing after winter rye for green fodder. Catch green manure crops provide significant grain yield surplus of spring wheat.
Key words: red clover, winter rye, vetch-oat mixture, rape, mustard, annual ryegrass.
Use of Holstein bulls of Holland and Dutch breeding at modernization of red-variegated cattle
Vel'matov A.P., Gur'anov A.M., Kharitonov D.N., Vel'matov A.A.
Comparative estimation of meat efficiency and meat quality of cattle young animals, produced by Holstein bulls of Holland and Dutch breeding for modernization of red-variegated cattle was given in the article.
Key words: red-variegated cattle, young animals, breeding, meat efficiency
Selection of animals for herd forming at industrial dairy farms (a review)
Agalakova T.V., Netecha V.I., Shchepina Yu.N.
Results of investigations of many researchers on creation of types of animal with high adaptive qualities, suitable for conditions of industrial systems were presented in the review.
Key words: Dairy cattle breeding, technologies, breeding, stress resistance, productivity.
Influence of different milking machines on cow's mastitis sickness rate
Baranov A.V., Baranova N.S., Fedoseenko E.G., Solov'eva G.I.
Authors presented results of investigation of influence of foreign and domestic kinds of milking machines on sickness rate of cow's mastitis.
Key words: dairy machines, mastitis, Kostroma breed.
Software for calculation of likeness index of animals by discrete parameters(at example of blood type antigens of cattle)
Matjukov V.S., Mironov V.V., Yanovaev S.N.
Description and manual of software for calculation of likeness index of animals by discrete parameters was presented in the article.
Key words: software, breeding, blood types, genetic expertise.
Fodder basis and milk yield of cows in stud farms of Komi Republic
Zharikov J.A.
Analysis of fodder basis of milkers in stud farms of Komi Republic was done. It was established that animal productivity is lower then genetic potential of its milk yield. Mail reason stopped increase of productivity is insufficient energy and protein nutritious of stored volume fodders. Way of ensuring of dairy cattle with necessary amount of energy and crude protein at the expense of volume fodders of domestic manufacture.
Key words: milkers, productivity, stud farms, volume fodders, fodder quality.
Breeding of new phenotype of blue guinea-fowl
Zabijakin V.A.
Results of crossing of guinea-fowl with different colours for creating of pure blue coloured birds were presented. Family selection on productive traits and breeding quality was conducted.
Key words: blue guinea-fowl, breeding, productivity.
Potatoes in milkers' feeding
Akkuzin P.A., Faizullin R.A., Stulova V.V., Yushkova G.R.
Experience of substitution of 20% of silage by nutritional-equal quantity of potatoes in ration of feeding of fresh first-calf heifer was conducted. Digestibility of nutritional substances of experimental ration and animal productivity was estimated. It was established the higher level of digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and non-nitrogen extracted substances, better assimilability of nitrogen and other mineral complexes. Increase of daily yield of milk at second month of lactation was 6.5%, and 11.5% - at third month of lactation.
Key words: feeding, first-calf heifers, potatoes, silage, concentrates, digestibility, productivity.
Method for estimation of water in honey by drying
Shimaga V.A., Kolbina L.M.
Authors had developed a method for estimation of mass lobe of water in honey by drying of sample up to constant weight.
Key words: method, water, honey.
Elk milk and perspectives of its use
Sokolov A.N., Baranov A.V.
Main biochemical parameters of elk milk and its use in medicine was presented in the article.
Key words: elk milk, chemical composition, usage.
Urgent tasks of inter-regional cooperation at protection of wild animals in Privolzhje federal district
Andreev M.N.
Necessity of development of plan of activity within Privolzhje federal district on intensification of contacts and integration of regional nature-protection structures for actions, realized at participation of Russian Federation in international conventions, programs, agreements, and projects deal with environmental protection and usage of animal kingdom was defined.
Key words: animal kingdom, environmental protection, populations of wild animals.
Prediction of development of cow pre-natal infection in agricultural organizations of Sverdlovsk region
Petrova O.G., Rubinsky I.A., Kushnir N.I., Saltykova V.A.
Prediction table of viral pre-natal infections of embryos, allowed to divide cows on groups having low, average and high risk of development of embryo's pre-natal infections and made it possible to correct medical-and-prophylactic actions at acute respiratory diseases of cattle was worked out as a result of conducted investigations.
Key words: cows, obstetrics, viral infection, diagnostics.
Spectrum of pathogens of acute respiratory diseases of cattle in breeding farms of Ural region
Pechura E.V., Petrova O.G.
Results of investigations testified that infectious rhinotracheitis, viral diarrhea, type 3 parainfluenza, chlamydiosis, mycoplasmosis, and bacterial infections are significant problems of veterinary medicine. Its complexity is due to polymorphism of specific pathogens of viral and bacterial nature, and their associative influence on cattle.
Key words: calves, viruses, Chlamydia, rhinotracheitis, mycoplasmosis, bacteria, diagnostics, immunity, vaccine.
On aetiology of cows' post-natal endometrites
Zakharova O.I.
Researches were conducted deal with study of reasons of post-natal endometrites of milkers, having productivity of 5000…5500 kg of milk per year. Climatic, traumatic and biological stress-factors make for stress conditions, decrease of resistance, and adaptability was determined. It was established that under conditions of dairy farm multiple stressors and microbial population of cow organisms are aetiological factors of post-natal endometrites.
Key words: high-productive cows, post-natal endometrites, aetiology, stress-factors.
Usage of BCL for piglets and estimation of its economical efficiency
Kuznetsova N.V., Ivanovsky A.A., Belorybkina T.F., Kulakov V.A., Ivanovskaja E.V.
It was established that BCL had prophylactic effectiveness (100% piglets safety in 3 and 4 groups in comparison with 88% in control group) against pathology of gastrointestinal tract. Maximal medicinal effectiveness of BCL had reached at feeding of piglets with 15 ml of preparation (effectiveness was 66.7%). Economical effectiveness of BCL usage for prophylactic of weaned piglets at ratio 5 ml per animal was 2.71 roubles of benefit per 1 rouble of costs, and for medicinal usage – 2.07 roubles of benefit per 1 rouble of costs.
Key words: probiotics, BCL, weaned piglets, blood, prophylaxis, therapy, economical effectiveness.
Economical parameters of monitoring of agricultural lands
Zhuikov V.I., Koshkina A.A.
System of economical parameters of monitoring of agricultural lands consists of more than 300 parameters for complex estimation of land condition. Authors mark out special criteria of estimation and subdivided them into sphere of activity of agricultural production and sphere of land usage. System of parameters of monitoring consists of two parts: for manufacturing firms and for manufacturers of monoproduct. Parameters of monitoring of departments of land resources management were marked out too. Definition of functions of each system was given.
Key words: monitoring of land, rationale land use, system of economical parameters, functional approach, criteria of estimation, sphere of activity, type of analysis, volume and rates of increase of agricultural production.
Modern state of animal husbandry in European North-East region of Russian Federation
Kokurin T.P.
Analysis of modern state of animal husbandry in North-East region of European part of Russian Federation testify to decreasing of total number of cattle at farms of all categories, milk and meat production alongside with increasing of cattle productivity and profitability of production. Strengthening of government support is necessary for agrarian industry.
Key words: economical analysis, level of production, main directions, specific weight of farm categories.
Components of pig keeping efficiency
Mitjagina L.A.
Non-rational use of fodder and weak specialization of the branch of industry are considered by author as main reasons of reducing of pig livestock and low pork production profitability in Kirov region. A line of examples of success action of pig-breeders of advanced farms having high results of production was presented in the article.
Key words: dynamics of livestock and productivity, profitability, fodder usage, pig keeping technologies, reproduction level, meat yield, hybrid young animals.
Technical justification of design-technological scheme of combined aggregate for soil cultivation and seed sowing
Aleshkin A.V., Demshin S.L., Vladimirov E.A.
Technology of soil cultivation and seed sowing and design-technological scheme of aggregate for its realization was proposed. Results of theoretical investigations had shown that optimal claw width of combined aggregate for soil cultivation and seed sowing attended to class 1.4 tractor must not be more then 2.1 m.
Key words: pre-sowing cultivation, sowing, combined aggregate, rotary working bodies, cultivator sweep, packing roller.
Modernization of technology of stripe sowing of grasses seeds into turf
Kormshchikov A.D., Kurbanov R.F., Sozontov A.V.
Analysis of results of use of existing resourse-saving technologies of grass seed sowing into turf was done and new method of grass cultivation at natural fodder lands was proposed allowing to prolong industrial lifetime and increase productivity of hay-lands and pastures.
Key words: stripe sowing of grass seeds into turf, method of grass cultivation.
Dependence of tractor working parameters on a level of technical exploitation
Retivin A.G., Ivanov V.V., Tikhonov S.P.
Correlations between annual lifelength, mean-time-between-failures, availability ratio of tractors of DT-75 family on one hand, and level of technical exploitation on the other hand at 10 enterprises of Nizhniy Novgorod region were given in the article.
Key words: tractor exploitation, level of technical exploitation, mean-time-between-failures, annual lifelength, availability ratio of tractors.
Lowering of raw material losses at threshing of frozen cobs of sweet corn
Szymanek M.
Sweet corn kernels at moisture contents about 78% were removing from the cob by using two methods (cutting and threshing). Previous to threshing corn cobs were frozen in liquid nitrogen. The degree of threshed and cut kernels as well mesh analysis was realized. The sieve mesh was: 2; 4; 6 and 8 mm. The mesh analyses were proceeded friezing the kernels. The threshing method in relation to cutting method influenced on increase of removing the kernel from the cobs by and 25%. It was observed the increases of fraction share for sieve mesh 6 and8 mm respectively by about 100 and 38% as well the decreases of fraction share for sieve mesh 2 and 4 mm respectively by about 90 and 53%.
Key words: sweet corn, threshing, cob, frozen grain, cut-off.
Method for estimation of efficiently consumable heat in thermal balance of drying unit
Sojak M., Glovatsky Sh.
Method for estimation of heat amount that are used efficiently for drying of material under natural convection was offered in the article
Key words: convection drying method, drying kinetics, heat balance of drying unit.
Estimation of energy cost at different methods of apple drying
Glovatsky Sh., Sojak M., Sivetz S.
Results of drying of apple pieces of different sizes and sharp in drying unit with horizontal air flow (tunnel drying unit) were offered in the article. It was obtained that thermal energy costs at use of drying unit with pseudo-liquated layer was two time lower then at use of tunnel drying unit.
Key words: fruits and vegetables drying, energy costs, drying methods.
Choice of architecture of distributional system of climate management of hangar greenhouse block
Grudinin V.S.
Five variants of system of microclimate management of hangar greenhouses with use of personal and industrial computers, programmed logical controllers, and centralized control circuit were considered in the article. Estimation of their controllability, reliability, and flexibility of tuning was given.
Key words: computer system of management of greenhouse microclimate, switched controller, computer, logical criteria of operation.
