Labelling of Ppd and Vrn genes in barley by means of PCR-analysis

Pages: 4-9.

Alabushev A.V., correspondent member of RAS,
Dontsova A.A., PhD in agriculture,
Potokina E.K.,* DSc in biology

All-Russian Scientific-research institute of Grain Crops after I.G. Kalinenko, Zernograd, Rostov region, Russia. *All-Russian N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry, St. Petersburg, Russia

E-mail: doncova601@mail.ru; E-mail: e.potokina@vir.nw.ru

During the last 15 years in Russia is observed the tendency of an increase in the average-daily temperature (+ 1-2°С) toward the average perennial value of index, increase in the arid days and decrease of atmospheric precipitations in the spring-summer period. One of the methods of increasing the yield of the crop of barley is the creation of precocious varieties whose pouring in of grain passes to more comfortable conditions in comparison with middle- and the late-maturing varieties. The involvement in the crossings of the donors of early maturity will make it possible to conduct breeding in this direction more goal-directed. For a barley molecular markers are worked out allowing to identify alleles of genes of photoperiodic reaction Ppd (photoperiod response) and reactions on the vernalization Vrn (vernalization response). The genes Ppd determine the reaction of plants of barley on length of day and, as a result, terms of efflorescing and beginning of earing of plants in the different growth conditions. The genes Vrn determine requirement of plants in a vernalization for passing to earing; thus participated in regulation of speed of development and expressed of yield structure in barley. In this study with help of an allele-specific molecular markers it is reveal that an early flowering barley variety Master bred in All-Russian Research Institute of Grain Crops carries the dominant Ppd-H1 allele that might explain its fast heading on the long photoperiod. It is recommended to use the Master variety as a donor of early maturing in breeding programs. Besides barley variety Master has winter-and-spring character which is testified by detection of recessive allele of vrn-H2 gene.

Keywords: winter-and-spring barley, drought, precocity, PСR analysis, Ppd-H1, Vrn-H2, molecular markers, donor

References

1. Savchenko I.V., Pryanishnikov A.I., Shabaev A.I. Nauchnoe obespechenie ustoychivogo sel'skokhozyaystvennogo proizvodstva v usloviyakh narastayushchey aridizatsii klimata. [Scientific providing of sustainable agricultural industry under conditions of accruing climate aridization]. Doklady Rossiyskoy akademii sel'skokhozyaystvennykh nauk. no. 6. 2014. pp. 18-20.
2. Dontsova A.A., Filippov E.G. Novyy perspektivnyy sort yachmenya Tigr i otsenka ego kombinatsionnoy sposobnosti u gibridov F1. [A new perspective barley variety Tiger and an assessment of his combinational ability at F₁ hybrids]. Zernovoe khozyaystvo Rossii. 2013. no.5 (29). p. 40.
3. Leonova I.N. Molekulyarnye markery: ispol'zovanie v selektsii zernovykh kul'tur dlya identifikatsii, introgressii i piramidirovaniya genov. [Molecular markers: use in breeding of grain crops for identification, introgression and piramiding of genes]. Vavilovskiy zhurnal genetiki i selektsii, 2013. V. 17. no 2. pp. 314-315.
4. Zlotina M.M., Kovaleva O.N., Losku-tov I.G., Potokina E.K. Ispol'zovanie allel'-spetsifichnykh markerov genov Ppd i Vrn dlya prognozirovaniya prodolzhitel'nosti vegetatsionnogo perioda sortov yachmenya. [Use of allele-specific markers of genes Ppd and Vrn for forecasting of duration of the growth period in barley varieties]. Vavilovskiy zhurnal genetiki i selektsii. 2013. V. 17. no 1. pp. 50-62.
5. Turner A., Beales J., Faure S. The pseudo response regulator Ppd-H1 provides adaptation to photoperiod in barley. Science. 2005. V. 310. pp. 1031-1033.
6. Zlotina M.M., Kiseleva A.A., Potokina E.K. Ispol'zovanie allel'-spetsifichnykh markerov genov VRN i PPD dlya ekspress-diagnostiki fotoperiodicheskoy chuvstvitel'nosti i potrebnosti v yarovizatsii myagkoy pshenitsy i yachmenya. [Use an allele-specific markers of genes VRN and PPD for express diagnostics of photoperiodic sensitivity and need for a vernalization of soft wheat and barley ]. Methodical recommendations. St. Petersburg, 2012. 28 p.
7. Takahashi R., Yasuda S. Genetics of earliness and growth habit in barley. Barley Genetics II. Proc 2nd International Barley Genetics Symposium, Washington State University Press, 1971. pp. 388-408.
8. Zitzewitz J., Szucs P., Dubcovsky J., et al. Molecular and structural characterization of barley vernalization genes. Plant Molecular Biology, 2005, V. 59. pp. 449-467.
9. Trevaskis B., Bagnall D., Ellis M., et al. MADS box genes control vernalization-induced flowering in cereals. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2003, V. 100, pp. 13099-13104.
10. Lebedeva M.V., Teplyakova S.B. Molekulyarnoe markirovanie lokusa VRN-H2 u yachmenya s pomoshch'yu mul'tipleksnoy PTsR. [Molecular labelling of a locus of VRN-H2 at barley by means of multiplex PСR]. Trudy po prikladnoy botanike, genetike i selektsii, 2014. V. 175. Vyp. 4. pp. 82-86.
11. Saghai-Maroof M.A., Soliman K.M., Jorgensen R.A. et al.Ribosomal DNA spacer-length polymorphisms in barley: Mendelian inheritance, chromosomal location, and population dynamics. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 1984. V. 81. pp. 8014-8018.
12. Jones H., Leigh F.J., Mackay I. et al. Population based resequencing reveals that the flowering time adaptation of cultivated barley originated east of the fertile crescent. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2008. V. 25. no. 10. pp. 2211-2219.
13. GenBank: EU331957.1, URL: http: // www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov /nuccore/EU331957.1 (19.12.2014)
14. Laurie D.A., Pratchett N., Bezant J.H. et al. RFLP mapping of five major genes and eight quantitative trait loci in a winter/spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cross. Genome. 1995. V. 38. pp. 575-585.
15. Casao M.C., Karsai I., Igartua E. et al. Adaptation of barley to mild winters: A role for PPDH2. BMC Plant Biology. 2011. V. 11. pp. 164-177.