Experience of image-analysis of rye grain
Pages: 4-8.
Zykin P.А.1, PhD in biology, associated professor,
Utkina E.I.2, PhD in biology, head of department,
Voylokov A.V.3, DSc in biology, associated professor, head of laboratory,
1Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 2North-East Agricultural Research Institute, Kirov, Russia, 3Saint Petersburg branch of N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
E-mail: pavel.zykin @gmail.com, utkina.e.i@mail.ru
The article presents the results of image analysis of size and color of rye grains of different color that is controlled by known genes. It was studied 23 samples of rye with the color of the grain visually described as yellow, green, brown and violet. Software GrainScan developed for wheat was adapted for computer analysis of digital images of rye kernels obtained with flatbed scanner. Software along with size allows calculating three-coordinates of color in three-dimensional color space CIEL*a*b*. Based on coordinate values a* and b* calculation of two additional parameters - C* and h* describing the saturation (purity) and tone (the color itself) of the grains, respectively, was made. It is shown that the individual analysis of size and color characteristics of the kernels give low values of standard errors. This allows revealing pairs of forms, which differ from each other for any of the studied parameters. The color of the rye grain cannot be described as the saturated color of one of the tones. In accordance to values of h*, it was possible to divide four visually selected groups into three ones. A composition of groups correspond to lack of anthocyanins in caryopsis (anthocyaninless, yellow-seeded, brown-seeded samples), the presence of anthocyanins in the aleurone layer (green-seeded samples) and the presence of anthocyanins in the pericarp (violet-seeded samples). The data obtained are discussed in connection with literature data on visual description of colors of rye grain, type of pigments, and the coloring of the individual layers of rye kernel.
Keywords: winter rye, image-analysis, kernel size and color
References
1. Whan A.P. et al. GrainScan: a low cost, fast method for grain size and colour measurements. Plant Methods, 2014. Vol. 10. pp. 23-32.
2. SandeepVarma V., Kanaka Durga K., Keshavulu K. Seed image analysis: its applications in seed science research. International Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2013. Vol. 1 (2). pp. 30-36.
3. McGuire R.G. Reporting of objective color measurements. Hort. Science, 1992. Vol. 27. pp. 1254-1255.
4. Dedio W., Kaltsikes P.J., Larter E.N. The anthocyanins of Secale cereal. Phytochemistry. 1969. Vol. 8. pp. 2351-2352.
5. Kul’turnaya flora SSSR. Rozh’. [Cultural flora of the USSR. A rye]. Vol. 2. Part. 1. Otv. red. V.D. Kobylyanskiy. Leningrad: Agropromizdat, 1989. 368 p.
6. Lyubarskiy L.N. Rozh’. [A rye]. Moscow: Khleboizdat, 1956. 259 p.
