Effect of drainage and application of mineral fertilizers on the yield of spring wheat

doi: 10.30766/2072-9081.2018.64.3.70-74.

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L.I. Petrova, PhD in Agriculture, leading researcher,
Y.I. Mitrofanov, PhD in Agriculture, Head of the Department, N.K. Pervushina, junior researcher
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands, Settlement Emmaus, Tver Region, Russian Federation, e-mail: 2016vniimz-noo@list.ru

The article provides the results of the research carried out in 2012-2017. Studied was the effect of drainage and various rates of mineral fertilizers on the productivity of spring wheat, the water-physical properties of the soil, the nutritive regime, biological activity, photosynthetic activity, payback from 1 kg of active ingredient by increase in the yield in the Tver region. The experiment is laid on drained soil with closed drainage and non-drained sod-podzolic light loamy soil in three variants: 1 – without fertilizers, 2 – N45P45K45, 3 – N90P90K90. The greatest differences in the water-air regime on these soils were observed in the moisture content of the arable layer and the porosity of aeration. On the average, for 6 years of vegetation on the drained soils they accounted for 65% of the field moisture capacity and 28% of the soil volume, on non-drained soils – 85 and 21% respectively. The use of fertilizers and the increase in their rates had a positive effect on the content of nitrate and ammonia nitrogen in the plow layer of the soil in both areas without distinct differences in them. Dehumidification and application of fertilizers had a favorable effect on the photosynthetic activity and, in general, on the formation of the crop. Leaf area in the 1st and 3rd variants of the experiment, the photosynthetic potential differed 2.3-2.9 times on the plots. On the drained lands, on the average, by the variants of the experiment they were higher by 28 and 31% respectively. In terms of fertilizer options, on the average, the yield of spring wheat in the drained area was more than 0.6 t / ha. In the second variant of fertilizers, compared to the background without using them, the yield increased by 60% in the drained area, and by 57% in the non-drained area, and the increase in the fertilizer rate ensured an increase on the plots by 16% and 21%, respectively. The largest payback from 1 kg of active ingredient by the yield was recorded on both plots as the result of N45P45K45 application – 9.8 kg of grain on drained plot and 7.9 on non-drained one.

Keywords: fertilizers, water-physical properties, nutritive regime, biological activity, photosynthetic activity, structure of spring wheat yield, drained and non-drained soil

For citation:

Petrova L.I., Mitrofanov Yu.I., Pervushina N.K. Effect of drainage and application of mineral fertilizers on the yield of spring wheat // Agrarnayа nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka. 2018. Vol. 64. no. 3. pp. 70-74. doi: 10.30766/2072-9081.2018.64.3.70-74.