Effect of soil treatment and fertilizers on changes in agrophysical properties of soil and soybean yield in the link of cereal crop rotation
doi: 10.30766/2072-9081.2018.64.3.62-69.
read allYu.A. Bogomolova, PhD in Agriculture, senior researcher,
A.P. Sakov, PhD in Agriculture, Director of Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute,
A.V. Ivenin, PhD in Agriculture, associate professor, senior researcher, e-mail: a.v.ivenin@mail.ru
Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Agriculture - branch of the Federal Agrarian Research Center of the North-East named N.V.Rudnitsky, Nizhny Novgorod region, Russian Federation, e-mail: nnovniish@rambler.ru
The research was conducted in the Nizhny Novgorod region in 2015-2016 on light gray forest soil in the link of crop rotation “winter wheat-soybean”. The scheme of field experiment included 5 soil treatment systems: 1. Traditional moldboard tilling based on autumn plowing with PN-3-35 at 20-22 cm (control); 2. Nonmoldboard “deep” cultivation - autumn plowing with PN-3-35 (without moldboard) at 20-22 cm; 3. Nonmoldboard “shallow” tilling with the stubble cultivator Pottinger at a depth of 14-16 cm; 4. The minimum machining with the disc harrow XM 44660 NOTHAD at a depth of 10-12 cm; 5. Zero tilling (No-till) with the Sunflower 9421-20 drill. For each soil treatment system, the effectiveness of the action of mineral fertilizers (N60P60K60) and straw in combination with the bio-preparation Stimix®Niva (2 l/ha) and mineral nitrogen (10 kg a.i. per 1 ton of straw) was studied. By the time of soybean sowing, only mechanical treatment provided favorable conditions for germination of seeds in the 0-10 cm
soil layer (volumetric soil weight 1.25-1.30 g / cm3). The technology of direct seeding led to an increased compaction of the soil already in the initial period of vegetation (1.43 g / cm3). The variants of treatment systems didn’t have a significant effect on the soil moisture. By the time of soybean sowing the moisture content in 0-20 cm soil layer was 14.7-15.5%, and in 0-50 cm layer -16.4-17%. According to the soil treatment systems studied, the highest yield of soybean Svetlaya was obtained on the background of mineral fertilizers (N60Р60К60) and straw as well as in variants with bio-preparation Stimix®Niva or mineral nitrogen for plant matter decay. Soybean cultivation by mechanical treatment systems provided grain yields of 1.64-1.76 t / ha, and no-till technology reduced it to 0.61 t/ha.
Keywords: crop rotation, soil treatment system, biological preparation, mineral fertilizers, fertility of gray forest soil, field experiment, bulk density, soil moisture
For citation:
Bogomolova Yu.A., Sakov A.P., Ivenin A.V. Effect of soil treatment and fertilizers on changes in agrophysical properties of soil and soybean yield in the link of cereal crop rotation // Agrarnayа nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka. 2018. Vol. 64. no. 3. pp.62-69. doi: 10.30766/2072-9081.2018.64.3.62-69.
